According to the data released by Iran Ministry of Health, a total of 27041 People Living With HIV had been registered in Iran by September 2013; with 89.3% of them being men and 10.7% women. Furthermore, 5118 of these cases have entered AIDS stage and 5471 have died.

In Iran, HIV/AIDS is considered mainly a medical and biological problem, although studies show a significant association between the risk of HIV infection and some fundamental factors including demographic (sex, age, marital status, …), socioeconomic (income, education, poverty, …), and sociocultural (religion and ethnicity) characteristics of individuals.

Malnutrition among HIV-infected people is a notable problem that can affect both the therapeutic response and severity of this illness. In studies we observed a significant difference between body mass index and different socioeconomic classes, as well as body mass index and gender.

Fear of contamination and social stigmatized attitude are the main impediments to dealing with patients and providing services to them. Hence, it seems that creating an effective knowledge about transmission and correcting the socio-cultural beliefs of health providers are two key strategies to tackle this problem.